How to make your own swimming pool at your dacha. How to build a pool with your own hands - we make a concrete pool in the country (detailed instructions). Plastic pool: DIY installation

An artificial pond can serve not only as an ideal place for relaxation, but also as a real decoration of the site. To build it, it is absolutely not necessary to invite specialists - you can make a small concrete bowl for the pool and reliable waterproofing for it yourself.

Choosing a location for the pool

It should not be placed next to trees: their roots will tend to water and can damage the waterproofing; in addition, fallen leaves will fall into it, and the heating of water in the shaded area will be slow;

To prevent heaving of frozen wet soil from damaging the pool bowl, the pit should be placed in an area with the deepest groundwater; it is better if it is a clay area: clay does not allow water to pass through well, and if the waterproofing is partially damaged, the water from the pool will not drain so quickly;

To ensure that as little dust, dirt and fallen leaves as possible get into it, you should choose a place for it so that the prevailing direction of the wind goes along it; Moreover, the pipes for overflowing and purifying water should be located in the direction opposite to the direction of the wind - in this case, the accumulated dirt will be immediately drained.

It is not recommended to locate the pond next to large trees.

Advice. Maintenance of structures of complex shape, with many bends and angles, is much more difficult. In the absence of a high-quality filtration system, it is better to choose a rectangular or oval pool.

Optimal depth artificial reservoir - 105-170 cm. If there are children in the house, you should take care of their safety. To avoid accidents, the bathing area should be fenced off with a 50 cm deep mesh.

Preparing the pit. Waterproofing

1. Marking the pit is done using pegs and nylon twine stretched between them. When calculating its width, the size of the formwork is taken into account. The depth of the pit should also be greater than planned: when calculating, the heights of sand and foam pads, concrete pouring and finishing should be taken into account.

Marking the area for the pool

2. To protect against soil shedding, the walls of the pit are made with a slight slope. After leveling the bottom and walls, all loose soil is removed from the pit. The soil in it should be spilled with water and compacted thoroughly.

3. Its bottom is covered with a 10-12 cm layer of sand, and then with crushed stone or gravel and compacted again.

Drainage cushion device

Advice. To ensure that as little dirt as possible accumulates in the pool, it should be located slightly above the surface of the ground. Otherwise, rainwater along with dirt will constantly fall into the tank.

4. If the design provides bottom water drainage, pipes for it should be laid before backfilling with crushed stone. The pit is made with a slight slope towards the drains. Such pipes are packaged in protective sleeves that protect them from freezing, laid at a slight slope of 5° and discharged into a pre-prepared pit. At the other end of the pipe is installed valve. For a small pool, one pipe is enough. In a construction with a larger area, one drain will not be enough: it is better to provide 2-3 of them.

6. The simplest waterproofers are roofing felt on bitumen mastic or PVC film (polyethylene film will collapse very quickly). The film, like roofing felt, is rolled out with an overlap of 15 centimeters. The waterproofing material is laid on top of a layer of crushed stone of at least in two layers. It should protrude beyond the edges of the pool by 15-20 cm.

Waterproofing and formwork installation

Suspended formwork for walls. Pouring concrete

Important! If the pouring is done in layers and the subsequent seams are laid only after the previous one has hardened, a cold seam, which will be a problem area, a “weakness” in the concrete. When the soil moves, damage may occur at the joints. That's why It is advisable to fill the walls and bottom of the pool at the same time.

Cold seam

1. For simultaneous filling of the bottom and walls of the pool wall formwork can be “hanged”: lay boards across the pit on which the formwork will be attached. It is expanded with boards every 50 cm, and its joints are secured.

Pool formwork installation

2. First, the floor is poured a couple of centimeters above the bottom edge of the formwork. To prevent it from moving when pouring the walls, it should set slightly (setting time is no more than 4 hours). If, when immersing a reinforcement bar, it pushes through the concrete only 3-4 cm, you can begin to pour the walls. In this case, the mixture should fill the formwork evenly on all 4 sides.

3. If a concrete pump is used when pouring, it is set to minimum power. In order not to damage the not yet fully hardened floor, its hose is located parallel to the ground. When pouring, 5-10 minute pauses are periodically made to allow the concrete to vibrate and set.

4. If it is not possible to fill the walls and floor at the same time, the structure should be strengthened: fill the place where the cold seam forms with any elastic sealant: mastic, polymer, rubber cord, non-shrink cement or liquid glass. Before laying such compensation materials, the concrete surface must be thoroughly cleaned of contamination.

5. After removing the formwork, apply waterproofing film: cement mortar (concrete milk).

Application of waterproofing film

Penetrating waterproofing

Waterproofing with PVC film

Penetrating waterproofing coating

Water purification systems (pool filter)

using filtration systems; The simplest devices are installations filled with coarse sand; a small pit is installed next to the pool for a pump equipped with such a filter; two pipes are installed into the pool: one for collecting water, the second for draining purified water; In this case, energy costs will be minimal; you will only have to spend money on purchasing a pumping station;

Pool water purification device

By using chemical reagents(used as an additional cleaning system); You can get rid of water blooms not only by chlorination or adding bromine, but by using inexpensive and environmentally friendly perhydrol.

Perehydrol for pool water purification

Advice. Without water, a concrete bowl can crack in cold weather, so it is not recommended to drain water from it for the winter. It is enough to remove only part of the water, and to compensate for the pressure of the ice on the walls of the pool, throw several plastic 5-liter bottles into the water, from which a weight is suspended. To prevent too much debris from accumulating in the pool over the winter, it can be covered with any covering material.

Pool finishing

Advice. It is not advisable to use porous rubber-based paints for finishing the pool: it will be very difficult to wash them. Moreover, algae attaches very quickly to such surfaces.

Acrylic enamel painting and tiling

Everyone wants to have an ideal country house for relaxation, and even better if it is located on the shore of a clean, cool pond in which you can swim on hot summer days. Unfortunately, not everyone can afford such a location, and you have to make a choice: get in the car and go to a river or lake, or create your own pond on the site. As you may have guessed, this article will focus on building a swimming pool at your dacha with your own hands. We will look at the main points that will help you get a personal lake with cool water.

Many people are accustomed to considering a swimming pool as an attribute of luxury and wealth, something very special and difficult to achieve. However, in reality, if you understand the technical details and know some construction secrets, everything turns out to be not so difficult. Any hardworking owner can acquire a personal pool, even if finances do not allow for “freewheeling”. But, before you go shopping for building materials, you need to decide where the pool will be located, how much space can be allocated for it and what shape to give the bowl.

Choosing a location for the pool

Choosing the right place to build a pool is very important, because it cannot be simply moved. In this case, several factors must be taken into account. Firstly, large trees should not grow nearby, because their root system can significantly damage the waterproofing of the pool. The most undesirable species in this regard are willow, chestnut and poplar. Keep in mind that it is cheaper to uproot or replant a tree than to repair your pool waterproofing. In addition, leaves will constantly fall into the water, and you will have to constantly use the net. This is especially true for short breeds. By the way, if you do not remove the leaves from the water in time, they will very quickly begin to decompose, which will lead to the active development of green algae (the water will “bloom”).

Secondly, it is necessary to take into account the direction of the wind, which will nail the rubbish that has fallen into the pool to one of the sides. And it is better to make sure that it is nailed to where it is easiest to remove. You can also make an overflow pipe there so that trash can be removed through it along with excess water. It is best if the wind moves along the bowl.

Thirdly, the type of soil is of great importance. If your site is located on several types of soil at once and among them there is clay, it is best to dig a pit for the pool in it. Soil with a high clay content is less permeable to water, which means it will help the waterproofing layer retain liquid in the bowl.

Helpful advice: If the site has at least a slight slope, it can be used advantageously to save on excavation work. Also, the slope will allow you to immediately determine the location for the drainage system.

Finally, try to place the pool closer to the water supply to fill the bowl faster.

Pool size and shape

The shape, length, width and depth of the reservoir will depend on its intended purpose. So, if you want to build a decorative pool with your own hands, there is no need to make it deep and multi-level. An elongated pool (oval, rectangle) is best suited for swimming. For a relaxing holiday or children's fun, round bowls with several levels of depth are good, so that both adults can plunge into and children can splash around safely.

Depth is generally a very important criterion. If you want to freely swim, dive and even jump from the side, make the pool about 1.5 m deep. If you plan to install a diving board, the depth must be increased to at least 2.3 m, otherwise there is a risk of hitting the bottom. However, it should be understood that such a level can only be created in the diving zone, and in most of the pool a smooth transition of up to 1.5 m or less can be created. If you want to build a pool specifically for small children, then a half-meter depth will be enough for a fun holiday without risk to health.

The most complex from a technical point of view is considered to be a combined design for adults and children. In this case, it is necessary not only to create several levels of depth, but also to separate the children's and adult areas with a partition to protect the kids. The second most important detail is to make the bottom flat, not stepped. This will prevent accidents and injuries.

Recently, there has been a trend of arranging swimming pools of unusual shapes, and many master owners, having seen enough of the photos in glossy design magazines, strive to repeat this architectural feat in their backyard. At the same time, almost no one thinks about the fact that the more complex the shape of the bowl, the more difficult it is to care for. Such a system is difficult to install and subsequently maintain.

To better understand, let's take an ordinary rectangular swimming pool as an example. To clean it you need one filter of a certain power. If the pool has “nooks and crannies” and turns, one filter cannot cope with cleaning, and several units will need to be installed at precisely calculated points and with precisely calculated power. It is unlikely that a beginner will be able to cope with such work without making mistakes, and the services of professionals are quite expensive. Moreover, for several filters you will have to buy reagents more often, which will also affect the financial side, so for starters we recommend being satisfied with a simple-shaped pool. And if you crave originality, you can make a beautiful pool ladder with your own hands or splash out your creativity on the decoration of the bowl.

Pool equipment

So, we have smoothly approached the last important component that must be taken into account when planning a pool - the choice of cleaning equipment. A pool without a filter will very quickly turn into a swamp with “blooming” water, and therefore you need to immediately take care of choosing the appropriate equipment.

There are two types of pool filtration systems:

How to quickly and easily make a basic floating filter:

1. Take a replacement filter cartridge with a diameter of 50 mm (inside), a 50 mm polypropylene pipe 2 m long and an angular swivel element of the same diameter.
2. Drill holes with a drill, insert the plug into the filter and the corner element.
3. Secure the structure with a nut and connect the aquarium pump on the other side.
4. Attach a small piece of foam to the end of the pipe to hold the filter afloat.
5. To increase efficiency, connect several cartridges at once.

Do-it-yourself construction of a stationary pool

So, the time has come to tell you how to build a pool with your own hands. We will not consider the option of ready-made polypropylene bowls and frames, although some will find it more convenient to build a frame pool with their own hands. In this part of the article, you will become familiar with the technology of building a stationary outdoor pool, so to speak, “from scratch.” The widest range of modern building materials makes it possible to do this quickly, simply and relatively inexpensively, and the cost will mainly depend on the dimensions of the bowl and the type of cleaning system for it.

At the moment, the easiest way to make a pool is from polystyrene foam blocks. More precisely, they will form the basis of permanent formwork. Extruded polystyrene foam is a foam with a denser and more durable structure. It has excellent thermal insulation characteristics, does not allow water to pass through, weighs little and is relatively inexpensive. The elements fit together clearly and tightly, so they are very easy to work with even for beginners. The sizes of the elements can be very different, and if you need to lay out the pool bowl as quickly as possible, choose large blocks. Of course, you can build a pool with your own hands from scrap materials, but in the case of polystyrene foam formwork you can safely hope for the quality and durability of the structure.

Phased construction of the pool:

1. Mark the area, and the pit for the pool should be 70-90 cm larger than the bowl itself on all sides.
2. Dig a pit in accordance with the markings. Its depth should be 50-60 cm greater than the depth of the bowl. Do not remove the selected soil from the site - some of it will still be needed to backfill the structure. If you are building a spacious pool, it will be easier and faster to hire an excavator and dig a pit with it. And it’s quite possible to handle a small pond on your own or with a couple of assistants.
   
   
3. Carefully level and compact the bottom of the pit, then fill it with different-sized crushed stone in a layer of 25-30 cm. Pour water over the crushed stone and also compact it properly using a special tamping machine or a beam or log with plywood nailed to the end (hand tamping).
   
   
4. Before arranging the concrete screed, you need to lay the reinforcement by tying the rods in increments of 25-30 cm. The reinforcement should be in the middle of the concrete layer, so it should not be placed on crushed stone, but secured to pieces of rods 5-7 cm long or polystyrene foam cubes. Then, when pouring, the concrete will envelop the mesh from all sides.
   
   
5. Now you can start pouring concrete. This needs to be done in one go, so if the pool is small, a small concrete mixer will be enough, and if it is large, it is better to order a machine with a ready-made solution. The thickness of the screed should be 25-30 cm.
6. After pouring, treat the solution with a vibrator to release air bubbles from it (they reduce the strength of the screed). If you don’t have such a machine, just pierce the solution with an iron rod in several places.
7. Level the bottom and leave to dry, periodically spraying the surface with water from a spray bottle to prevent the liquid from evaporating too quickly (the concrete may crack).
8. After 5-7 days, when the solution has hardened, lay thick geotextiles on it so that the sections extend onto the walls of the pit and stick out about 20 cm (then bend or cut them). Instead of geotextiles, you can use construction polyethylene with a thickness of 150-200 microns. To enhance waterproofing, it is recommended to cover the concrete screed with several layers of Betakontakt penetrating waterproofing solution. More information about choosing a composition can be found in the article. If funds allow, instead of geotextiles or film, it is better to cover the surface with liquid rubber. This is a durable, elastic, waterproof material that is often used specifically for swimming pools.
   
   
9. Mount a cushion of extruded polystyrene foam on top of the geotextile, fastening the plates together with construction tape. In this case, you need to act carefully so as not to wrinkle the substrate.
10. Now you can start assembling the walls. For convenience, draw the contours of the future bowl on the concrete base and assemble walls from polystyrene foam blocks using them. If you want to make a descent into the pool in the form of a Roman staircase, you will need to make a separate niche for it.
    
    
11. Cut openings in the walls for connecting equipment and insulate these places with polyurethane foam. As a result, you should have a frame, where you then need to place a metal reinforcing mesh.
12. Place the ladder and skimmer basket in place.
13. Fill the voids in the walls with concrete mortar and wait until it dries completely.
    
    
14. Finish the interior of the bowl. The easiest way to do this is with a special film, which is glued to all internal surfaces and the seams are welded. Mosaic or ceramic tiles are also often used for cladding. If the lining is dark, the water in the pool will heat up faster. Making a swimming pool out of film with your own hands is quite problematic and for this you will need to hire specialists, but if you want to save money, you can simply prime the bowl and paint it with waterproof paint.
    
    
15. All that remains is to fill the voids between the walls of the pool and the pit with earth and fill the bowl with water.

The video about a do-it-yourself pool shows in detail how to make a covered structure in your country house:

As you can see, to build a small summer pool at your dacha, you don’t need professional skills or large financial expenses, you just need to show desire and put in a little work.

DIY pool: photo

To paraphrase the classic, we can say that installing a swimming pool in a house, on a personal plot or in a country house is not a luxury, it is a necessity.

The construction of private swimming pools on an individual plot has become standard, like the construction of or.

The only difference is in the design and scale: a small pool in a bathhouse, a decorative pool in the yard as part of a landscape design composition, or a structure of large size and volume - indoor and outdoor swimming pools, which are located on the street, with all the accompanying fixtures and accessories.

Briefly about the main thing - how to get a swimming pool

You can get what you want in two ways:

• First, buy a ready-made pool.

But before purchasing, please consider the following:

It costs expensive;

It is impossible to buy a concrete pool ready-made. This means you will have to pay for the project, for materials and for labor. Also, return VAT to the state;

• Secondly, make the pool yourself.

This seems like a difficult task only at first glance. In fact, you already have everything you need: desire, opportunity and our instructions. This means that building a swimming pool should not cause any difficulties.

And physical fatigue will quickly pass when you splash around in the pool, which you made with your own hands.

Which pool is better to choose for a summer residence - types and types

Requires special knowledge for arrangement

It is cheap, convenient to carry and store, but is not very practical and has an extremely short service life.

Sold ready-made.

Purchasing such a structure (especially a large one) entails difficulties with delivery and installation, which cannot be done without special equipment (trailer, crane, excavator).

Lightweight and durable. The design principle is similar to the previous version. Causes difficulties during transportation and installation.

The best and most justified option of all of the above.

This pool is ideal for a summer house or country house, where you will use it seasonally.

Disadvantages of a concrete pool and how to eliminate them

• problems with the water supply system. As a rule, they appear as a result of errors during their laying and installation of pipeline systems. If the work is carried out correctly, no difficulties arise;


• Possible water leakage. This significant problem can be eliminated with the help of several layers of good waterproofing, the use of high-quality concrete and compliance with all rules for their installation;


• peeling of ceramic tiles or mosaics. Eliminated by using high-quality special-purpose glue;


• spread of fungus.

The appearance of fungus can be easily eliminated by regular cleaning and treating the surface of the bowl with special disinfection solutions.

Regular care and implementation of the above actions is the prevention of fungus formation.

Permission to build a swimming pool

According to Article 51 (clause 17) of the Town Planning Code of the Russian Federation, auxiliary use facilities do not require a documentary permit for construction. But there are some nuances here, it all depends on the parameters of the structure, if it is a small decorative or children’s pool, then no questions asked, but if it is a permanent building for swimming, i.e. sufficient depth, length and width, then it is better to draw up documents.

If the pool is not registered in the BTI, accordingly, it will not be on the certificate of ownership, and it will not be included in the technical passport. In the future it will be possible to legalize it, but it will cost more than registering it right away.

Building a concrete pool with your own hands - instructions

Installation work - construction of a concrete bowl for a swimming pool

Preparing the site

To do this, standard procedures are followed: clear the area of ​​bushes and trees, and also cut off branches that may hang over the pool. Material from the site

Excavation work - digging a pit for a swimming pool

Of course, digging a pit can be done without the use of special equipment. But only if you have a small and shallow pool, you have a lot of time, effort and help.

Construction of a pit for a swimming pool

• increase the dimensions of the pit. They should be larger than the size of the future bowl. This is done in order to place technical equipment there and arrange a cushion under the concrete. And also for the construction of formwork.


• presence of an angle. When digging walls, make sure that there is an angle of their deviation relative to the vertical. This method will prevent soil from falling into an already dug pit.


• the presence of drainage systems. To ensure that the water that splashes out of the pool does not turn into puddles and does not destroy the landscape design, it is necessary to provide a place for its drainage.


• First of all, it is necessary to lay all hydraulic communications.


• provide for the possibility of draining water.

To drain, the bottom of the pool is sloped at 5-7% (2-3 cm of slope per 1 meter of bottom), which should be directed towards the drain hole.

Arrangement of the pillow

A gravel-sand cushion is needed to ensure better pouring of concrete. Usually it is a mixture of sand and crushed stone, which compacts well. Cushion height 300-350 mm.

Bottom waterproofing

The more options for possible leakage we take into account and prevent, the longer the service life of the concrete pool will be.

It will come in handy.
For an oval pool, reinforcement no thicker than 10 mm is used. This is due to the fact that reinforcement of this diameter is sold in coils. And, therefore, you can independently adjust its length. The spacing of the reinforcing tracks is 200x250 mm.

For a rectangular pool, arbitrary installation of reinforcement with piping in increments of 200x200 cm is allowed.

You need to put something under the reinforcement, for example, a brick, so that it remains in the middle of the concrete base during the process of pouring the concrete solution.

We are waiting until the concrete dries and you can safely move on it.

The principle of reinforcement is identical to the previous one.

The number of tiers is determined by the height of the bowl.

Installation of formwork for a swimming pool

The material used for formwork is a wooden board (painted or oiled) or, more conveniently, plywood (preferably moisture-resistant or laminated). The use of plywood allows you to create bent shapes with a minimum of effort, which is important when building a pool of complex or oval shape.

In order to avoid deformation of the formwork under the pressure of the weight of the concrete solution, it is recommended to install stiffeners and spacers at a distance of 500 mm. A beam with a cross section of 50x50 is suitable for spacers.

Installing plywood formwork is more expensive, but the surface quality of the concrete bowl is almost perfect.

Note:
the sheathing for the steps is mounted separately.

Pouring the walls of the pool bowl with concrete

We wait until the concrete hardens. In this case, it is better to cover it with something to avoid destruction from exposure to temperature or moisture. And also periodically moisten with water.

If you do not plan to use a metal ladder, but want to make the procedure of immersion in water smooth, you need to provide concrete steps.

The formwork for the steps is installed when the entire concrete bowl for the pool is ready.

It is better to use plywood for the manufacture of formwork, because... it allows you to create bent shapes and does not require additional cleaning.

Construction of a concrete pool - video on pouring a concrete bowl

Finishing and lining of the pool bowl

The stage involves a set of activities:

Sanding pool walls

Grouting is done manually or using a special grinder.

Waterproofing is applied using special liquid solutions, between the layers of which reinforcing fabric (mesh) is laid.

When performing this type of work, special attention should be paid to:

• seams between the bottom and walls of the structure;
• seams that appeared when pouring concrete;
• place of communications entry;
• chips, gouges and cracks.

Finishing

Before doing this, it is important to check the quality of the waterproofing. To do this, you need to fill the pool with water. Measure the water level. Then wait 10-12 days. And measure the water level again. Changes in this parameter are an alarming sign. This means that the waterproofing was done poorly and there is a leak somewhere.

The amount by which these two indicators differ can say a lot. For example, a slight discrepancy will indicate that the water could simply evaporate under the influence of heat.

The following materials are usually used for finishing:

facing tiles;

mosaic;

PVC film (the cheapest option).

The choice of finishing material is influenced by factors such as:

Easy to care for;
- availability;
- ease of installation;
- price;
- possibility of replacement;
- appearance.

The desire to have an artificial pond in their own home is familiar to many owners of country real estate. It's so nice to splash around in the clean and cool water of your own pool on a hot summer day. Water perfectly relaxes the body and relieves fatigue after a hard day at work.

Building a swimming pool with your own hands will help solve this problem. It has long been recognized that swimming treats many diseases of the musculoskeletal system, improves immunity, helps get rid of excess weight and simply improves well-being. Having your own body of water emphasizes the wealth of its owner and serves as a sign of well-being.

Determining the location of the pool

At the first stage of building a pool, you need to decide where to place it. In solving this issue, an important condition is an elegant combination with the overall design of the house and the entire site as a whole. It is also necessary to ensure that the pool is located near the water supply and drainage well, which is necessary for regular cleaning and water supply of the artificial reservoir. After all, long hoses throughout the area will cause a lot of inconvenience.

It is recommended to build a swimming pool with your own hands in an open, sunny area. This is necessary for constant heating of the water. To partially protect the pond from the wind, you can place it next to the house or along a high concrete fence. But the pool cannot be located very close to the house. Firstly, no one is immune from leaks. Secondly, when water overflows, it can enter the basement and even erode the foundation of the house.

The best site for a pool will be clay soil. If the waterproofing is damaged, clay will stop water leakage.

You should also not place the pool near trees and bushes. Constantly falling leaves will clog the water. This will cause constant cleaning of the pool.

Before building a pool, it is not enough to decide only on its location. The choice of the shape and size of the reservoir is also an important point. The ideal size for a country pool would be a small pond of 4x4 m. Regarding the shape, it is better to give preference to simple options: square, circle, rectangle. After determining the necessary parameters, equipment, tools and materials for building the pool are purchased.

What materials are needed to build a swimming pool:

• Fine gravel.
• Sand.
• Cement.
• Ruberoid.
• Fittings.
• Boards for formwork.
• Wire.
• Sealant.
• Bars.
• Hydrophilic rubber.
• Plaster mortar.
• Facing tiles.

Equipment

To build a pool, it is necessary to calculate the following systems:

• heating water (optional);
• disinfection;
• filtration;
• water supply and drainage.

Based on the filtration system, pools are divided into two types:

• skimmer;
• overflow.

In the first case, special devices are installed in pools - skimmers, which are capable of taking the top layer of water, which is the dirtiest. To replenish the tanks with water, holes are located along the perimeter of the walls.

Overflow systems involve pouring water from the pool into side gutters, which are at the same level with the sides. Purified and disinfected water in this case comes from the bottom of the tank.

When using high-quality filtration stations with additional filters, their installation is carried out immediately. Such filtration systems take up a lot of space; their location is thought out in advance.

Antibacterial water treatment is a prerequisite for maintaining a healthy pond environment. Active oxygen, chlorine, bromine and hydrogen peroxide can be successfully used to kill bacteria. Ultraviolet installations and ozonation also purify water efficiently.

To build a swimming pool, you can also use the following decorative elements:

• sculptures;
• handrails;
• stairs and so on.

Step-by-step instructions for building a swimming pool with your own hands

The construction of a swimming pool consists of several stages. In order for a concrete pool to be safe, comfortable and beautiful, all stages must be thought out in advance. To do this, as a rule, they draw a drawing and carry out the work strictly according to the diagram.

Pit preparation

Internal waterproofing of the pool

Since water has a destructive effect on materials, the entire resulting structure must be protected from moisture. There are many different materials and methods for internal waterproofing pool walls. But studying their advantages and disadvantages prompts us to give preference to the most economical and reliable method of protection - coating insulation.

But before applying the insulating material, it is necessary to plaster the walls of the pool and apply a self-leveling mixture to the floor surface. After all surfaces have dried, the concrete bowl is cleaned of debris and dirt.

To install internal waterproofing during the construction of a swimming pool, it is not enough to simply apply a coating material to its surface. Much attention is paid to the joints between the walls and the bottom of the tank. To prevent leaks in these areas, hydrophilic rubber is used, which is secured with a sealant. The material can expand when exposed to moisture.

Before applying the waterproofing material, the bottom and walls of the pool are treated with a primer. Next, water is added to the dry waterproofing mixture and the solution is mixed well. The resulting material is applied to the inner surface of the pool using a brush. The thickness of the waterproofing layer should be approximately 3-4 mm.

Lining the walls and bottom of the pool

The following materials are used for lining the internal surfaces of the pool:

• ceramic tile;
• mosaic;
• porcelain stoneware

If you build a wooden deck with railings at the exit from the pool, you can place sun loungers on it. Attach folding seats and tables to the railings. A landscaped area next to the pool in this way will become an excellent relaxation place for guests and owners. And if you add kebabs and soft drinks to all this delight? Your vacation will be unique.

Construction of a pool from a finished bowl

1. The bowl sinks to the bottom of the pit.
2. The necessary communications are installed. The protective sleeve is put on the pipes and fixed with tape (to avoid displacement during concreting).
3. To prevent the composite or plastic bowl from bending under the weight of concrete, spacers are installed inside it.
4. Reinforcement is installed along the entire perimeter and formwork is installed.
5. Concrete is poured as follows: the bowl is filled to 30-40 cm with water, the concrete is poured to the same height. After the solution has hardened, water is poured into the bowl again and the formwork is filled with concrete. The concrete layer must be brought to the surface of the earth.
6. The formwork is removed one day after pouring.
7. The voids left after removing the formwork are filled with sand and compacted with water.

All that remains is to fill the pool with clean water and enjoy the warm, pleasant water.

For those who dream of a swimming pool at their summer cottage, it’s worth saying that you shouldn’t immediately run and dig a hole. It is better to first familiarize yourself with the possible options and, among the huge number of offers, choose the option that suits you.

The choice is really large - from children's inflatable pools to ten-meter monolithic structures.

Concrete pool

A stationary concrete pool is durable and durable. The best option, if you have the necessary funds, time and certain skills, is to build it yourself on your site.

The concrete pool is a cast box. A metal frame is placed in a pre-dug pit, then it is filled with concrete. You can build such a pool in a room suitable for this. A prerequisite is a connection to sewerage and electricity, as well as to the heating network and ventilation.

So, to build a pool yourself, you will have to work quite a lot: dig a pit, place waterproofing, prepare formwork along the contour, and fill it with concrete.

When the pool bowl is ready, finishing work begins. You can optionally line the pool with tiles, polymer material, natural stone or mosaic.

What should the pool bowl be like?

The pool bowl should not be located in close proximity to the foundation of the house to eliminate the risk of soil erosion. You cannot fill the bowl with concrete in parts, only all at once. This will provide better sealing. Therefore, you need to think in advance where the holes for pipes, lamps, and other needs will be located.

It is not advisable to drill the finished bowl after installation. If the inside of the pool is tiled, you need to use special glue and grout for the seams, which are more elastic than usual for dry rooms.

Of course, tile is the most durable and resistant material, provided that the owners can cope with quite a considerable amount of work.

Mosaic finishing

More experienced construction craftsmen can decorate the pool with mosaics. This, of course, is a labor-intensive process, and the material is much more expensive, but the result is incomparably more beautiful. Mosaic is as durable as tile, but has a more sophisticated look.

Relatively recently, they began to use such technology as finishing swimming pools with PVC film. In this case, you can do without waterproofing and place the film directly on top of the concrete.

This finishing option will cost much less, and installation will not take much time. But the film has its drawbacks: it is short-lived, and the junctions of the film sheets are quite noticeable.

The most popular type of pool today is the bathtub. This is a ready-made container that you just need to dig in. They are made from composite materials or fiberglass. Any owner, even one inexperienced in construction, can easily build such a pool on the site. A pit is dug, its bottom is filled with crushed stone, then a “bathtub” is installed, the gaps along the edges are filled with earth.

This amount of work can be completed much faster than in the previous case.

True, there is a nuance: you need to study in advance what the lowest temperature the pool bowl is designed for. Otherwise, everything is relatively easy: such pools are immediately made with ladders;

• the water in them cools much slower than in concrete pools;
• waterproofing is very reliable; they are quite easy to care for;
• resistant to fungal growth.

The disadvantages include the fact that it is almost impossible to place such a pool indoors, since installation will require a tower crane.

Frame pool

This is the easiest and most inexpensive way to build a swimming pool on your property with your own hands.

Such pools are sold in a wide range: round, rectangular, oval. Their design is quite simple. First, the frame is installed; these can be metal sheets in rolls or horizontal and vertical rods.

After installing the frame and placing the bowl in it, external ladders are installed, and a hydraulic pump is connected, which is usually included in the kit along with the filtration unit. If you choose such a pool, you won’t have to dig anything. It is easy to install in one day and easy to disassemble.

But you need to use it with caution: the bowl may be mechanically damaged.

DIY pool photos