How to grow large onions. Advice
For any summer resident, the harvest that he will receive at the end of the season is important. Taking care of the garden, planting seeds and seedlings, trees and bushes, a person wants to see the fruits of his labor. He invests a lot of effort and money to eat onions and potatoes from his garden in winter.
How to grow large onions
To get a harvest from your garden, you need to plant a crop on time, water and weed it on time. For any gardener, a good harvest is both a large fruit and a large amount of it. But such a result can be achieved if only you work very hard during the season.
How much useful onions for the human body - everyone knows. Even when buying it in a store or in the market, we choose only its large heads. But unfortunately, it is not always possible to grow large onion heads in your area, no matter how hard you try.
Let's get acquainted with some of the subtleties and tricks that you need to know and take into account when growing plants.
How to prepare the soil for planting
Onion harvest will be good on chernozem and humus - calcareous soils, as well as on alluvial soil.
Onion seeds take a long time to germinate, so the soil is prepared well in advance and carefully. In the fall, you need to choose a site for planting sevka and dig it up. Remove weeds and apply to the soil fertilizers, in the form of humus or peat compost. In no case should fresh humus be introduced into the soil, since pathogens and weed seeds can get into the soil with it.
If the soil is acidic, then liming must be carried out on it; and if the soil is solonetzic, then gypsum plastering. The processing and feeding of the soil is carried out gradually. It is impossible to simultaneously carry out liming and fertilizing the soil with humus.
In the spring, when the sun begins to warm, the planting site needs to be dug up and watered if the ground is dry. In addition, already mineral fertilizers, which are distributed 2-3 times during onion growth. You need to apply such fertilizers to the soil shallowly.
How to get a good harvest of onions
Sevok can be planted both in spring and autumn. You can do this with seeds or with small bulbs. To get green feathers in early spring, you need to plant a set in the fall. In the spring, it is grown for storage when receiving planting material.
You can grow onions several ways. Each of the methods is good in its own way, but if you follow the basic rules for caring for the plant, the harvest is good, regardless of the cultivation method. The most common way to get onions is from sets.
Sevok Are small bulbs that were grown from seeds last year. From them, this year, you can get larger heads of onions, which are already used for food throughout the year. You can plant sevok in open ground both in spring and autumn.
Plant spring sets begin in late April - early May. By this time, the earth should dry out and warm up well. The smallest bulbs, up to 1 cm in diameter, are planted first. The distance from bulb to bulb is 4–5 cm. Larger bulbs are planted next, at a distance of 8–10 cm from each other.
Previously, the sevok needs to be processed. For this, a weak, bright pink solution of manganese is prepared, and the onion is immersed in it. There he spends at least half an hour. Further, special grooves are made for the bow in the ground, and holes are made in them. The distance between the rows can be 20–25 cm. The sevok should be planted in the ground to a depth of 2–3 cm, while sprinkling it with earth and slapping it lightly with the palm of your hand. If the soil is very dry, it is recommended to water the seedlings.
First shoots green feathers will be visible in 3-5 days. It is advisable to water the young onion every evening now. When the onion grows up, you need to huddle it and remove weeds. To get a large fruit as a result, as it grows, you need to huddle two more times.
Onion care
This procedure should not be postponed until the greenery appears, you need to do it regularly, on time, even before it appears. Despite the fact that the sevok is planted and abundantly watered, it is necessary to prevent the formation of a dense crust. The soil needs to be loosened regularly, and especially after watering.
Weeding of a vegetable patch is carried out as it overgrows weeds... Weeds damage seedlings by increasing soil moisture. Because of this, the plant can be affected by fungal diseases. The moisture will be too much for the bulbs, which can cause deterioration and rotting during storage.
As mentioned above, at the initial stage of onion growth and development, it needs regular watering. Already from mid-July, when the bulbs begin to ripen, they do not need excess moisture. At this time, the watering of the onion is reduced. Before harvesting the onions, 2-3 weeks before, there is no need to water the onions at all - they should stand in the ground, but without watering. Very hot and dry summers can be an exception. To plant did not fade and there was no delay in the growth of the bulb, you still need to water the family crop.
Summing up, you need to highlight several points, thanks to which you can get a good harvest Luke:
- loosening;
- watering;
- weeding;
- top dressing;
- prevention and treatment of diseases.
As for feeding, it plays an important role in obtaining a high-quality, large yield of onions. The first time feeding is done only 14 days after planting the seed. This can be bird droppings or slurry. You need to breed droppings 1 kg per 15 liters, and slurry - 1 kg per 10 liters of water. Such fertilizer is consumed per 1 sq. meter 10 liters of solution.
Three weeks after the first feeding, a second feeding should be done.
If you prefer mineral fertilizers, then apply first nitrogen-containing, which include ammonium nitrate. Its consumption per 1 sq. meter - 10-15 grams. And after three weeks - potash fertilizers in the same amount.
In the ground such fertilizers entered:
- dry;
- in the form of a solution.
Dry fertilizer can simply be sprinkled on the garden bed before watering it, or just before it rains. You can also fertilize in the usual way - dissolve them in water and water the beds with the resulting solution.
To cope with any disease it is easier warn than to treat later. This applies to onions that need to be processed against fungal diseases and onion flies. You need to make the following solution: mix 1 tsp. copper sulfate or copper oxychloride and 1 tbsp. l. liquid soap. Dilute the resulting mixture in 10 liters of water and spray it with onion feathers.
Such processing should be done when the feathers reach 12-15 cm in height.
For prevention, you can dust the plants and the ground under them with wood ash or tobacco dust. This procedure can be repeated only after 20 days.
Harvesting onions
Maturation onion depends on:
- landing time;
- onion varieties;
- climate features.
Winter onions are the first to ripen. Harvesting takes place in July, when the plant's feathers begin to dry. This serves as a signal for harvesting. During such a period, it is precisely this work that needs to be done so that the plant does not begin to release its roots again.
The collection of onions, regardless of their type, must take place in period between the appearance of the morning dew and the evening cold snap. This condition is important, it must be observed, otherwise vegetables will be poorly stored.
The harvested seed crop must be dried. For this, the selected bow is laid out in the sun. If it is cloudy outside or it is raining, then it is dried under a canopy. During this period, all the nutrients from the leaves enter the bulbs themselves.
When the crop is dry, dried feathers and remnants of roots are cut off from it. Further, it is transferred to dry in a warm room, where the temperature will not be lower than 25 ° C. It remains there for another 10 days, which makes it possible for it to dry out even better, and at the same time, it can be stored longer.
Dry onion miscellaneous varieties are stored separately. Storage space can be:
- in canvas bags;
- in wooden boxes;
- in plastic boxes;
- in wicker baskets;
- on carapace nets from old beds.
The main thing is that it should not be right on the ground. It is advisable to put all these devices on a pallet so that the air under the storage container can circulate freely.
You need to regularly inspect vegetables in order to remove spoiled or rotten product from the whole mass in time. Regardless of the type of product, it tends to deteriorate.
If it is humid in the onion storage room, then you can save the situation with the help of a container with ash or lime - they are good absorb excess moisture.
If you do not cut off the dry onion feathers while plucking the onion, you can weave a braid out of them. In this form, onions of any kind can be stored not only in the pantry, but also in the house. In addition to the fact that a useful product will always be at hand, it, in this form, will become an excellent detail of the interior, and will protect the house from germs.
For planting onions in open ground, it is advisable to choose a sunny place, or light partial shade.
It is advisable to change the place for planting a vegetable crop every year. It can be planted again in a certain place only after 3 years.
To speed up the emergence of seedlings, seedlings, regardless of the variety, soak 4 days before planting, then dry and plant immediately.
The planting should not be deeper than 2-3 cm, as the bulb will change shape and ripening will take longer. If the hole is made smaller, then the onion will become bare and its growth will stop.
It will not be possible to store onions for a long time in plastic bags - it rot.
