Jetpack: The first successful soft-landing flight has already taken place. Jetpack. About flight and risk to humans Do-it-yourself jetpack

Jetpacks must lift the passenger to a high enough height and keep them there for some time - because of this, the likelihood that an accident (for example, an explosion of a hydrogen peroxide tank or control problems) will lead to death increases greatly. Despite the fact that the jetpack industry has developed quite rapidly in recent years, this issue has not yet been resolved: this is why most jetpack tests are carried out above water.

jetpack

The principle of operation of a jetpack is quite simple. Scuba-type cylinders contain concentrated hydrogen peroxide under compressed air pressure. The pilot operates a valve that opens the peroxide outlet to the outside. Further, hydrogen peroxide is fed into the analogue of the combustion chamber. Inside the chamber there is a catalytic coating, upon contact with it, the peroxide immediately decomposes with the release of a large amount of heat into oxygen and water vapor. Superheated steam and gas from the combustion chamber enter the nozzles, this gives thrust. The position of the nozzles, as well as the opening of the throttle valve, is controlled by the pilot. As a result, he has two motorcycle-like handles in his hands. The scheme with the catalyst and peroxide is simple, since it does not require fuel ignition systems (and fuel in general). Do not forget that concentrated hydrogen peroxide is dangerous and expensive, and the catalytic liner itself is also not cheap and needs to be changed from time to time, as it burns out. The main thing is that it does not burn out at the time of flight, otherwise the thrust will stop.

Jetpack. Scheme.

Jet propulsion is based on the conversion of the internal energy of the fuel into the kinetic energy of the outflowing gases, which give the jet force. In fact, the usefulness of such devices for human flight is very limited, since it is difficult to provide reliable stabilization and controllability for all possible conditions and possible piloting errors, and their speed is low (there are no wings to balance gravity in level flight).

First death

However, enthusiasts still take to the air on jetpacks without any additional insurance above the ground. The case, which occurred in Puerto Rico, is the first fatal jetpack accident known to date. The details of what happened have not yet been reported: for unknown reasons, Riches' jetpack exploded when he was at a height of about seven meters. After the fall, he was taken to a local hospital, where he died from his injuries. In addition to Riches himself, no one was injured from the failure of the device.

Jetpack after the fall.

hoverboards

One of the most famous jetpack enthusiasts is Zapata founder Frankie Zapata. In August of this year, he managed to fly over the English Channel on his jetpack on his second attempt: the whole journey took 22 minutes. His hoverboard Flyboard is a platform on which the pilot stands with his feet and is fixed on it. The vehicle uses four main turbojet engines in the center, as well as two lateral lower thrust engines for flight stabilization. The hoverboard uses kerosene as fuel, which is placed in a tank in a satchel worn by the pilot. The hoverboard maintains a stable position partly due to its own stabilization system, and partly due to the movements of the pilot. The maximum flight speed on Flyboard Air is 170 kilometers per hour.

Other companies are also developing personal jet aircraft. For example, JetPack Aviation has created a jetpack capable of accelerating up to 320 kilometers per hour. In early 2019, the company announced that it had begun work on a jet-powered hoverbike designed for both civilian and military use.

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jetpack

jetpack

jetpack(or rocket pack), (English) jet pack, rocket pack, rocket belt etc.) - a personal aircraft worn on the back, allowing a person to rise into the air by means of jet propulsion. Thrust is created by a jet stream ejected vertically downwards by the engine.

There are two main types of jetpacks:

• rocket-powered pack (rocket pack, rocket pack or rocket belt).
• a jetpack with a turbojet engine (actual jetpack, jet pack or jet belt);

Rocket packs are very simple in design, which is why they have become widespread. The classic Wendell Moore-designed rocket pack can be crafted in a private workshop, although it requires good engineering and a high level of locksmith skill. The main disadvantage of the rocket pack is the short flight duration (up to 30 seconds) and the high consumption of scarce fuel - hydrogen peroxide. These circumstances limit the scope of the rocket packs to very spectacular public demonstration flights. Rocketpack flights always capture the attention of spectators and are a great success. For example, such a flight was arranged during the grand opening of the 1984 Summer Olympics in Los Angeles, USA.

In subsequent flights, Graham worked out the technique of controlling the backpack and mastered more complex piloting techniques. He learned to fly in circles and turn around on the spot, flew over streams, cars, ten-meter hills, flew between trees. A total of 28 flights were made from April to May. Wendell Moore sought absolutely reliable work from the backpack and confident piloting from Graham, so that he would not fail in front of the public. During the tests, the following maximum indicators were achieved:

• flight duration - 21 seconds;
• flight range - 120 meters;
• height - 10 meters;
• speed - 55 km / h.

Another famous appearance of the backpack occurred at the opening of the Summer Olympics in Los Angeles in the year. The jetpack was piloted by the same Bill Sutor, a legendary person (in total, he has over 1200 flights on his account - more than any other pilot to this day). Bill took off from behind the stands, flew over the rows of spectators who covered their heads with their hands in surprise, and landed opposite the presidential podium, where Ronald Reagan was sitting. The flight was watched by 100,000 spectators in the stands and about 2.5 billion television viewers around the world (except

Nearly 12 million views were collected by a video of a flight over Dubai on a jetpack by Yves Rossy. The Swiss pilot and extreme conquered the world with his invention and was able to reach speeds of up to 193 km / h. Go to the suburbs and experience the drive, adrenaline and the delight of flying!

Flight on a jetpack in Moscow and the Moscow region at a price of 2,500 rubles. up to 8 000 rubles

How is the jetpack set up?

A jet pack or jetpack is an aircraft that is worn like a backpack. Water jets hit from the nozzles behind the back of the participant, which tears the person away from the water. Levers for speed, direction and height control are located on the sides under the arms for mobility. The flight on a jetpack takes place in a sitting position, which greatly facilitates the control process. Less balance and dexterity required.

In the 60s of the last century, the rocket pack was at the peak of popularity.
So, in the new film about James Bond - "Thunderball", the hero flew off the roof of the castle from the guards on the knapsack.

Is it safe to fly?

The jetpack flight takes place on the Jetpack Zapata Racing system. In addition to the "sitting" position during the flight, the seat has positive buoyancy, which keeps you afloat during a fall or stop on the water. The backpack is equipped with a five-point safety harness and a clamp releaser, which is operated by pressing a finger.
The transparent design of the nozzle system adds to the effect of the flight. So during the flight you will be able to see a powerful flow of water, which will allow you to fly.

Flight preparation:

It is difficult to operate a flying jetpack in Moscow; you cannot do without instructions and training on land. The instructor will introduce you to the device and its management, water safety and answer all questions that arise.
Then put on your wetsuit, helmet and life jacket. You will be taken to the water by boat and after that the development of the jetpack will begin.
Such entertainment is available only to adults weighing from 50 to 100 kg.

On a note:

The certificate is valid for 8 months. Be sure to take into account the seasonality of the provision of services and the conditions for their implementation (for example, favorable weather conditions, schedule, etc.), which is agreed with the organizers when recording.
Delivery of gift certificates for jetpack riding is free within the Moscow Ring Road the next day after the order. .

Flight on a jetpack in the suburbs

1. Wake club (Pirogovskoe reservoir)

   The club is located on the territory of the recreation center "Troitskoye" in the waters of the Klyazma and Pirogovsky reservoirs. The club is located 7 km from the Moscow Ring Road along the Dmitrov highway. In addition to soaring above the water in picturesque places, each client will find an equipped beach, a cafe and a hotel.
   
   

2. silver Forest

   The reserved island-park, 20 minutes from the center of the capital, attracts with its location. Picturesque nature, many beaches and cafes allow you to fully relax. And flyboarding and jetpacking will bring a breath of freshness and adrenaline to your vacation.
   !Attention: the 2019 season is closed.
   

Book a flight

Jetpack

jetpack

jetpack(or rocket pack), (English) jet pack, rocket pack, rocket belt etc.) - a personal aircraft worn on the back, allowing a person to rise into the air by means of jet propulsion. Thrust is created by a jet stream ejected vertically downwards by the engine.

There are two main types of jetpacks:

• rocket-powered pack (rocket pack, rocket pack or rocket belt).
• a jetpack with a turbojet engine (actual jetpack, jet pack or jet belt);

Rocket packs are very simple in design, which is why they have become widespread. The classic Wendell Moore-designed rocket pack can be crafted in a private workshop, although it requires good engineering and a high level of locksmith skill. The main disadvantage of the rocket pack is the short flight duration (up to 30 seconds) and the high consumption of scarce fuel - hydrogen peroxide. These circumstances limit the scope of the rocket packs to very spectacular public demonstration flights. Rocketpack flights always capture the attention of spectators and are a great success. For example, such a flight was arranged during the grand opening of the 1984 Summer Olympics in Los Angeles, USA.

In subsequent flights, Graham worked out the technique of controlling the backpack and mastered more complex piloting techniques. He learned to fly in circles and turn around on the spot, flew over streams, cars, ten-meter hills, flew between trees. A total of 28 flights were made from April to May. Wendell Moore sought absolutely reliable work from the backpack and confident piloting from Graham, so that he would not fail in front of the public. During the tests, the following maximum indicators were achieved:

• flight duration - 21 seconds;
• flight range - 120 meters;
• height - 10 meters;
• speed - 55 km / h.

On June 8, the satchel was demonstrated publicly for the first time - in front of several hundred officers at the Fort Eustis military base ( Fort Eustis). Other public displays followed, including the famous flight in the Pentagon courtyard in front of 3,000 members of the military department who watched with delight as Harold Graham flew over a passenger car.

October 11 of the year ( according to other sources - October 12) the satchel was demonstrated personally to President Kennedy during demonstration maneuvers at the Fort Bragg military base ( Fort Bragg). Graham took off from an amphibious LST, flew over a swath of water, landed a few meters in front of the President, and famously saluted the Commander-in-Chief of the US Army. According to eyewitnesses, the president watched the flight with his mouth open in amazement.

Harold Graham and his service team traveled to many cities in the United States, visited Canada, Mexico, Argentina, Germany, France and other countries, each time demonstrating the rocket pack in action to the general public with great success.

The army was disappointed. The maximum flight duration of the rocket pack was 21 seconds, the range was 120 meters. At the same time, the satchel was accompanied by a whole team of service personnel. For one twenty-second flight, up to 5 gallons (19 liters) of scarce hydrogen peroxide were consumed. According to the military, the Bell Rocket Belt was more of a showy toy than an efficient vehicle. The army's expenses under the contract with Bell Aerosystems amounted to $ 150,000, with Bell itself spending another $ 50,000. The military refused further funding for the SRLD program, the contract was completed.

A small video recording of one of Harold Graham's flights can be downloaded. Size 436 KB, asf format, requires Windows Media Player.

The device and principle of operation of the rocket pack

Rocket pack "Bell Rocket Belt". US Patent No. 3243144, 1966

All existing rocket packs are based on the design of the "Bell Rocket Belt" pack, developed in - years by Wendell Moore. Moore's satchel structurally consists of two main parts:

• Rigid fiberglass corset ( 8 ), fixed on the pilot's body by a system of belts ( 10 ). The corset has a metal tubular frame at the back, on which three cylinders are mounted: two with liquid hydrogen peroxide ( 6 ) and one with compressed nitrogen ( 7 ). When the pilot is on the ground, the corset distributes the weight of the pack on the back and lower back of the pilot.
• Rocket engine movably mounted on a ball joint ( 9 ) at the top of the corset. The rocket engine itself consists of a gas generator ( 1 ) and two pipes rigidly connected to it ( 2 ), which end in jet nozzles with controlled tips ( 3 ). The engine is rigidly connected to two levers that pass under the pilot's hands. With these levers, the pilot tilts the engine forward or backward, as well as to the sides. On the right lever there is a rotary traction control handle ( 5 ), connected by a cable to the regulator valve ( 4 ) fuel supply to the engine. A steering handle is installed on the left lever, which is connected by flexible rods to the controlled tips of the jet nozzles.

Hydrogen peroxide

The action of the rocket engine is based on the decomposition reaction of hydrogen peroxide. Hydrogen peroxide is used at a concentration of 90% (it is a colorless liquid with a density of 1.35 g / cm³). Hydrogen peroxide in its pure form is relatively stable, but upon contact with a catalyst (for example, silver), it rapidly decomposes into water and oxygen, increasing in volume by 5000 times in less than 1/10 of a millisecond.

2H 2 O 2 → 2H 2 O + O 2

The reaction proceeds exothermically, that is, with the release of a large amount of heat (~2500 kJ/kg). The resulting gas-vapor mixture has a temperature of 740 degrees Celsius.

The principle of operation of the rocket engine

How a rocket engine works

The figure shows cylinders with hydrogen peroxide and a cylinder with compressed nitrogen (pressure of about 40 atm). The pilot turns the engine thrust control knob and the control valve ( 3 ) opens. compressed nitrogen ( 1 ) displaces liquid hydrogen peroxide ( 2 ), which enters the gas generator through the tubes ( 4 ). There it comes into contact with a catalyst (thin silver plates coated with a layer of samarium nitrate) and decomposes. The resulting steam-gas mixture of high pressure and temperature enters two pipes leaving the gas generator (the pipes are covered with a layer of heat insulator to reduce heat loss). Then the hot gases enter the jet nozzles (Laval nozzle), where they are first accelerated and then expanded, acquiring supersonic speed and creating jet thrust. The whole design is simple and reliable, the rocket engine does not have a single moving part.

Piloting a satchel

The knapsack has two levers rigidly connected to the propulsion system. By pressing these levers, the pilot causes the nozzles to deviate back, and the satchel flies forward. Accordingly, raising the levers causes the satchel to move backward. You can also tilt the propulsion system to the sides (thanks to the ball joint) to fly sideways.

The control with the levers is rather rough, for finer control the pilot uses the handle on the left lever. This handle controls the jet nozzles. Tips ( jetavators) are spring-loaded and can be deflected forward or backward with the help of flexible rods. By tilting the stick forward or backward, the pilot deflects the tips of both nozzles simultaneously to fly in a straight line. If the pilot needs to turn, he turns the handle, while the nozzles deviate in opposite directions, one forward, the other back, turning the pilot and the satchel around the axis. By combining various movements of the handle and levers, the pilot can fly in any direction, even sideways, perform turns, spin in place, etc.

You can control the flight of the backpack in another way - by changing the position of the center of gravity of the body. For example, if you bend your legs and raise them to your stomach, the center of gravity will shift forward, the satchel will tilt and also fly forward. Such control of the backpack, with the help of one's own body, is considered incorrect and is typical for beginners. The most experienced pilot Bill Sutor states that during the flight it is necessary to keep the legs together and straight, and the flight should be controlled using the levers and handles of the pack. This is the only way to learn how to competently pilot a satchel and confidently perform complex maneuvers in the air.

two levers rigidly connected to the propulsion system. By pressing these levers, the pilot causes the nozzles to deviate

On the right lever there is a rotary “throttle handle”. When stationary, it completely closes the fuel supply regulator to the engine. By turning the handle counterclockwise, the pilot increases the thrust of the engine. During the filling of the knapsack with compressed nitrogen, the handle is fixed in the locked position with a safety pin.

The timer is located on the same handle. Because the jet pack only has 21 seconds of fuel left, the pilot needs to know he's running out of fuel so he doesn't end up 10 meters high with empty tanks. Before the flight, the timer is set to 21 seconds. When the pilot turns the takeoff handle, the timer starts counting down and beeps every second to the buzzer in the pilot's helmet. After fifteen seconds, the signal becomes continuous, telling the pilot that it is time to land.

Features of flying on a rocket pack

The pilot of the pack is dressed in protective overalls made of heat-resistant material, since both the jet stream and the engine pipes are at a very high temperature. A protective helmet must be put on the head (it also has a signal buzzer inside).

When a rocket engine is running, the supersonic jet emits a deafeningly loud sound (up to 130 dB), more reminiscent of a high-pitched screech than the roar of a jet engine. The Rocket Pack is a very noisy aircraft.

As a rule, the outgoing jet stream is transparent and is not visible in the air. But in cold weather, water vapor, which makes up most of the gas-vapor mixture, condenses shortly after exiting the nozzles, and then the pilot is enveloped in a whole cloud of water fog. It is for this reason that the very first “tethered” flights of the Bell Rocket Belt were carried out in a hangar - it was in winter. Also, a jet stream is visible if the fuel in the gas generator does not decompose completely, which happens, for example, when the catalyst is not working well or when the hydrogen peroxide is contaminated with impurities.

Modern versions of the knapsack

In 1995, the design of the satchel was improved. Three engineers from Texas, Brad Barker, Joe Wright and Larry Stanley, inviting professional inventor Doug Malevicy ( Doug Malewicki), built a new version of the rocket pack, which they called " RB 2000 Rocket Belt". The RB 2000 backpack basically repeats the design of Wendell Moore, but is made of light alloys (titanium, aluminum) and composite materials, has an increased fuel capacity and increased power. As a result, the maximum flight duration has been increased to 30 seconds.

Turbojet Pack (Bell Jet Flying Belt)

In 1965, Bell Aerosystems entered into a new contract with the military agency ARPA - to develop a pack that would rightfully be called a jet pack - a pack with a real turbojet engine. The project was called "Jet Flying Belt", or simply "Jet Belt". Wendell Moore and John Nalbert worked on the project of a new, turbojet pack ( John K. Hulbert), specialist in gas turbines. Especially for the new satchel, Williams Research Corp. By order of Bell, she designed and manufactured the WR-19 turbojet engine, with a thrust force of 195 kgf and a weight of 31 kg. By 1969 a new knapsack was created.

On April 7, 1969, the first free flight of the Jet Belt turbojet pack took place at the Niagara Falls airfield. Pilot Robert Courter ( Robert Courter) flew about 100 meters in a circle at a height of 7 meters, reaching a speed of 45 km / h. The following flights were longer, up to 5 minutes. Theoretically, the new satchel could stay in the air for up to 25 minutes and reach speeds of up to 135 km / h.

Despite successful tests, the army again showed no interest. The satchel was difficult to handle and too heavy. Landing a pilot with such a load on his shoulders was unsafe. In addition, if the engine was damaged, the turbine blades could scatter at high speeds, threatening the life of the pilot.

The Bell Jet Flying Belt satchel remained an experimental model. On May 29, 1969, Wendell Moore died of an illness, and work on the turbojet pack was curtailed. Bell sold the only copy of the satchel to Williams, along with patents and technical documentation. This satchel is currently in the Williams Research Corp. museum.

Features of the device turbojet pack

The Jet Belt has a WR-19 turbojet engine. Engine weight 31 kg, thrust 195 kg, diameter 30 cm. The engine is installed vertically, with the air intake down ( 1 ). The incoming air is compressed by the compressor and divided into two streams. One stream goes to the combustion chamber. The second stream passes between the double walls of the engine, then mixes with the hot exhaust gases, cooling them and protecting the pilot from high temperatures. At the top of the engine, the mixed flow separates and enters two pipes leading to the jet nozzles ( 2 ). The design of the nozzles allows you to deflect the jet in any direction. Fuel (kerosene) is in tanks ( 3 ) on the sides of the engine.

The control of a turbojet pack is similar to that of a rocket pack, but the pilot can no longer tilt the entire propulsion system. Maneuvering is performed only by deflecting the controlled nozzles. By tilting the levers, the pilot deflects the jet stream of both nozzles forward, backward or to the sides. By turning the left handle, the pilot turns the satchel. The right handle, as usual, controls the thrust of the engine.

The jet engine is started using a powder squib. On tests, a mobile starter on a special trolley was used to start. There are instruments for monitoring the operation of the engine and a walkie-talkie for communication and transmission of telemetry information to ground engineers.

A parachute is installed on top of the satchel ( 4 ) (using a standard amphibious reserve parachute). It is effective only when opened at a height of more than 20 meters.

Rocket pack in show business

In the 60s, the Bell Rocket Belt rocket pack was at the peak of popularity. The Bell company arranged demonstration flights in the USA and other countries, each time causing delight of the public.

in 1965, a new film from the James Bond series, Thunderball, was released. Bond (played by Sean Connery) infiltrates a French castle where an agent of the mysterious organization "SPECTRE" is hiding. Bond eliminates the enemy, then escapes from the guards on the roof of the castle and flies away on a previously hidden rocket pack.

Two satchels were involved in the filming of the film. One, a fake one, can be seen on Sean Connery in close-up scenes. The second was a real Bell Rocket Belt and flew live. It was flown by Bell pilots Bill Sutor and Gordon Yeager ( Gordon Yaeger). The scenes with Sean Connery and the satchel had to be filmed twice, because the first time he was filmed with his head uncovered, and Bill Sutor, who dubbed him, flatly refused to take off without a protective helmet. During the dubbing of the film, the real shrill roar of the engine of the knapsack was replaced by a hiss

JB-10
jetpack

JB-11
jetpack

▸ SPECS

Empty Weight (lbs): 83

Max Thrust (lbs @ ISA)*: 395

Max speed (mph): > 120

Endurance (mins)**: 8

Fuel: Kerosene/diesel

Operating Ceiling (ft): 15,000

▸ Description

The JB10 is very similar to the JB9 other than an increase in fuel capacity and thrust as well as more sophisticated computer engine controls and pilot displays. We don’t produce the JB9 any longer but it is the version that our CEO flew around the Statue of Liberty in 2015.

The Experimental version has no speed or fuel limits however the pilot must hold at least a sports or recreational pilots license and have been trained and signed off by JPA. We remain the only authorized Jetpack instructors in the world.

▸ Price

PRICE UPON PRIVATE REQUEST

▸ SPECS

Empty Weight (lbs): 115

Max Thrust (lbs @ ISA)*: 530

Max speed (mph): > 120

Endurance (mins)**: 10

Fuel: Kerosene/diesel

Operating Ceiling (ft) 15,000

Piloted/Fully autonomous: Piloted

*Maximum thrust can vary depending on density altitude

**Endurance is dependent on pilot weight and density altitude

▸ Description

The JB 11 is powered by six turbo jet engines specially modified for vertical flight. Each engine produces approximately 90lbs of thrust. A sophisticated engine computer balances thrust between engines and in the unlikely case of an engine failure it will enable the pilot to maintain control and land. We design all computer hardware and write all code in-house.

The JB11 can carry a heavier fuel load and hence has longer endurance than the JB10.

As for the JB10, the JB11 can be operated either in the Ultralight or Experimental category.

▸ Price

PRICE UPON PRIVATE REQUEST

JB-10
jetpack

▸ SPECS

Empty Weight (lbs): 83

Max Thrust (lbs @ ISA)*: 395

Max speed (mph): > 120

Endurance (mins)**: 8

Fuel: Kerosene/diesel

Operating Ceiling (ft): 18,000

Piloted/Fully autonomous: Piloted

*Maximum thrust can vary depending on density altitude and

**Endurance is dependent on pilot weight and density altitude

▸ Description

The JB10 is very similar to the JB9 other than an increase in thrust and more sophisticated computer engine controls and pilot displays. We don’t produce the JB9 any longer but is the version that our CEO flew around the Statue of Liberty in 2015.

The JB10 is powered by two specially modified turbojet engines, each producing approximately 200lbs of thrust (at standard atmospheric conditions) It can run on kerosene, JetA or diesel.

The JB10 is best known for the flights that we have made over the last couple of years, both in America and internationally, including in support of the Red Bull Air Race events.

As with the JB9 and JB11 Jetpacks, control is achieved by the pilot vectoring the entire engine, rather than just vectoring thrust. This is how we achieve such great manoeuvrability and speed control.

JPA produces an Ultralight category version and an Experimental category version. The Ultralight version is speed limited to 55 kts (approx 65mph) and to 5 gallons of fuel. It can however be flown (at least under American FAA rules) without needing a pilot's license.

The Experimental version has no speed or fuel limits however the pilot must be must hold at least a sports or recreational pilots license and have been trained and signed off by JPA. We remain the only authorized Jetpack instructors in the world.

▸ Price