Why gooseberry leaves fall. Gooseberry: diseases and their treatment

On the territory of our country, gooseberries are quite popular. Diseases, unfortunately, do not bypass him, and in order to get good harvest, you need to take care of eliminating this scourge.

The main types of diseases

All diseases of these garden bushes can be conditionally divided into two types: verticillary drying and wilting of branches and shoots and a variety of spots. Let's consider them in more detail.

Some more points should be covered regarding the spots that gooseberries suffer from. Diseases of this kind have characteristic features: spots, sporulation and pads. All of them are located on the top of the leaves. However, if light spots are visible from above, and there are orange sporulation pads below, then this is already rust. And it spreads quite interestingly.

Other diseases

If sedge grows next to the bushes, gooseberry rust may appear on the gooseberry, if it is Siberian cedar or columnar rust. Thanks to this neighborhood, the causative agent of the disease has the opportunity to overwinter on sedge or pine, and in the spring to infect young gooseberry leaves.

Sometimes a thin black film can be seen on the gooseberry; this is nothing more than a disease called mob. Another ailment is also known - spheroteka, also called powdery mildew. It is a bloom on gooseberries. If the plant is severely affected by this disease, then on the young shoots in the upper part, drying occurs, but the pathogen hibernates under the bark.

All the diseases that were listed above belong to the fungal category, but viral diseases are also found in shrubs. These include the edging of the veins. The plant has a pale yellow border on the first and second order of veins. Plus, chlorosis occurs on the leaves, after which they quickly lose their shape and become wrinkled.

Fighting disease

There are not so many drugs used to fight various gooseberry diseases. It helps to get rid of septoria and other types of spotting, cumulus saves from powdery mildew, anthracnose and ascochitosis, as well as from rust, septoria and anthracnose.

Some gardeners are trying to use drugs such as Topaz and Fundazol to fight gooseberry diseases. This decision is incorrect, since these funds can only be used to treat black currant. However, if there is a whole gooseberry nursery on the site, then it is possible to use Fundazol in order to get rid of the verticillary wilting of gooseberry bushes.

Many are familiar with this picture, when under the gooseberry bushes you can find fallen berries, and the bush looks healthy.

If their number is very insignificant, then you should not worry, but the presence of a dozen fruits should already alert you. Each shrub needs care, otherwise problems during cultivation cannot be avoided.

You can understand why a plant drops berries by examining it well. What to look for first of all? This will be discussed further.

Gooseberry berries fall: causes not associated with diseases

Very often, the berries fall from a healthy bush. If by all indications the plant is not damaged by diseases: the leaves are green, the fruits are not damaged, then the reasons lie in poor care. Yes, oddly enough, but it is.

1. Gooseberry fruits fall off due to irregular watering or excess moisture in the soil.

If the weather is rainy, and there are few sunny days, then the berries cannot be avoided. In arid regions, on the contrary, regular watering of the bush should be carried out. Gooseberries especially need it during the formation and ripening of berries.

2. Lack of nutrients is another reason the plant sheds fruit.

Only timely fertilization will help to solve the problem. You need to feed the bushes from early spring. To do this, use an infusion of mullein, bird droppings or urea. At the beginning of the growing season, the plant needs nitrogen-containing nutrition. The first feeding should be carried out as soon as the leaves bloom.

During flowering and berry formation, gooseberries need potash fertilizers. During this period, infusions of ash, potassium sulfate are used.

Advice! You can cook ash infusion like this: 100 gr. dilute the ash in 10 liters of water, in a day the solution is ready. You can simply sprinkle ash around the bush. Such dressings not only nourish the plant, but also protect from pests.

3. Lack of light, thickening of the bush.

Gooseberries should not be planted in shaded areas, as a result, they will often get sick and drop berries. Take a good look at the bush, it may need thinning. Too thickened plantings cause various diseases. Shrubs are thinned out in early spring and autumn, after harvest. All damaged branches are cut out, and those that grow inside the bush.

Pest damage to gooseberries: leaves and berries fall

After excluding all of the above factors, you need to inspect the plant for the presence of pests. Often the plant sheds its leaves, and then the fruits, due to the defeat of the yellow sawfly. How to recognize a pest?

The plant abruptly begins to lose leaves, they turn yellow and fall off ahead of time. The shrub becomes bare, only unripe fruits are visible on it.

Gooseberries become smaller as the caterpillars take nutrients from the shrub.

How to get rid of a yellow sawfly on a gooseberry

It is possible to prevent a pest attack on gooseberry plantations only by carrying out comprehensive plant protection measures.

1. Extermination of wintering pests.

Adults of the sawfly hibernate in the soil, and the fight against them should be started in the fall. After harvesting, the land around the bushes is carefully dug up, as a result of which the sawfly pupae will be on the soil surface. They will no longer crawl back, but with the onset of frost they will die.

2. Regular inspection of the bush will help to cope with the yellow sawfly.

3. The yellow sawfly larvae do not tolerate the smells of garlic, wormwood, marigolds.

To combat harmful insects, infusions are used, which are sprayed on plants during the budding period.

Important! Most effective remedy in the fight against the sawfly, the infusion of marigolds is considered. For 8 liters of boiling water add 15 glasses of crushed inflorescences, 50 gr. rubbed laundry soap... Infuse the solution for a day, spraying twice a week.

4. For prophylaxis, dusting the plant with ash is used. You need to repeat the procedure after rain.

Gooseberry fruits fall: powdery mildew

The biggest trouble is the gooseberry disease for the gardener. One of them is powdery mildew, which progresses rapidly and can affect other crops.

Powdery mildew - this is fungal disease, which manifests itself as a white bloom on the underside of the leaf or in separate spots. Gradually, the infection spreads to the tops of the shoots, leaves and fruits. By this time, the plaque already looks like felt. With severe damage, the berries develop poorly and fall off, the yield decreases. Appearance shrub deteriorates: the shoots are shortened, bent, the leaves turn yellow, become wrinkled.

How to deal with the disease

The causative agent of the disease hibernates on the affected bush, in plant debris, buds and shoots. In the fall, after harvesting, you need to cut out all damaged branches, moss-covered shoots, curved and growing inside the bush, collect fallen leaves. All garbage is taken outside the site and burned.

In early spring, plantings are treated with boiling water. To do this, the water is heated to a temperature of about 70 degrees and the plant is well washed, trying not to damage the buds.

In the initial stages of infection, you can spray the gooseberry with mullein infusion or manure. For this, 1/3 of a bucket of manure is poured with 3 liters of water, insisted for 3 days. Another 7 liters of water are added to the finished solution, the plantings are filtered and sprayed.

Chemicals are used for severe lesions. Immediately after flowering, a preventive treatment with Topaz is carried out. Re-processing can be done after harvest.

Important! Planting material cannot be taken from diseased plants; infection occurs quickly enough. You need to plant on the site proven cuttings and varieties that are resistant to powdery mildew.

Conclusion

By observing all the rules for caring for plants, you can grow healthy bushes and harvest a good harvest. From the very beginning, providing the gooseberry with favorable conditions for development, the plant will develop strong immunity, will be less susceptible to diseases and pests.

1. The gardener must follow the agrotechnics of growing crops.

2. Water and feed the plant in a timely manner.

3. Carry out sanitary cleaning and pruning of bushes.

4. Regularly inspect the plant for pests and diseases.

5. At the first signs of damage, carry out the necessary treatments.

With this approach, the gooseberry will not shed fruits and leaves. If you do nothing and let the development of diseases take their course, the plant will die in 2-3 seasons. All this time, the fruits will be unsuitable for food, and the yield will decrease.

Deprived proper care a gooseberry bush is more susceptible to disease than one that is looked after competently and in a timely manner. Therefore, planned pruning, watering, loosening and extermination of weeds and pests can be considered complex measures to combat diseases. In addition, recognizing the disease on early stages, you need to react quickly and immediately start treating the plant.

Spheroteka (powdery mildew)

The disease begins to progress in late spring or early summer. On the reverse side of the leaves, fungal spores form in the form white bloom... In just 20 days, they spread to all parts of the plant, including the fruit. After two months, the plaque changes color, darkens and becomes like a fibrous film that can be scraped off the berries.

Spores overwinter safely on shoots and fallen leaves of gooseberries, and in spring they again cover leaves and berries. The plant lags behind in growth, the leaves turn yellow and shrink, and the shoots are deformed. The berries are unattractive and unsuitable for human consumption.

Methods of dealing with spheroteca

• After the snow melts, gooseberry bushes are doused hot water (80 ° C), it is possible from a sprayer.
• When the first signs of the disease are detected, gooseberries are processed with a vectra before and after flowering.
• In a bucket of water, 300 g of wood ash is dissolved and infused for 2 days, used for spraying.
• In 3 liters of water, 3 liters of mullein or rotten hay are diluted and infused for 3 days. Before use, another bucket of water is added, the infusion is mixed and filtered.
• Finely chopped milkweed is poured into a bucket of water, after 10 minutes it is removed and the next portion of milkweed is immersed in the water. Repeat until liquid acquires white color, after which you can spray the plants.

Septoria (white spot)

In early summer, the leaves are covered with small light brown specks, the central part of which becomes white over time. The disease develops rapidly during the summer, and by August there is a massive fall of foliage. The plant is oppressed by the disease, the growth on the shoots decreases, and its yield decreases.

Means for spraying gooseberries with septoria:

• oxychloride solution (40 g per bucket of water);
• fast solution (for a bucket of water 20 ml);
• emulsion from copper sulfate with soap;
• infusion of ash.

Anthracnose

In spring, brown or brown leaves appear on both sides. brown spots... If left untreated, the spots spread quickly, the leaves curl upward and fall off. The disease affects the winter hardiness of gooseberry bushes, and they freeze under severe frosts.

Methods to combat the disease are used in the same way as in septoria.

Columnar rust

Distributed from the second half of July. It manifests itself in yellowish spots on the front side of the leaves and in orange formations on the underside, in which spore columns develop. The leaves shrivel, the growth of shoots is inhibited and the winter hardiness of the plant decreases. Rust often affects gooseberries planted near conifers, since they are an intermediate in the spread of spores.

Goblet rust

Appears in spring as bright formations with glass-shaped spores. They grow on the back of the leaves and are clearly visible on greenery. Infected foliage dies and falls off. It is noteworthy that the affected leaves are not a source of infection for the healthy part of the plant, and only sedge is the carrier.

The fight against gooseberry rust consists in spraying the bushes with oxychloride twice a season - before and after flowering. Weeds are pulled out within a radius of 150 meters from the gooseberry plantations.

Prevention of gooseberry diseases

For all diseases, there are general techniques that will help stop their further spread. All affected plant parts should be cut off and taken out of the garden. Fallen leaves are also collected and buried away from the site or burned. Weeds that can become a carrier of the disease should be weeded out in time, and the soil around the gooseberry should be constantly loosened. Such hygienic measures will help preserve the gooseberry bushes and get beautiful healthy fruits.

Hello to all guests and regular readers of the blog "Private House Garden and Vegetable Garden"!

Topic of this article Gooseberry diseases and control measures with them.

The first place in harmfulness is shared by two gooseberry diseases - verticillary wilting and drying of shoots and branches.

When verticillary wilt the root system and all conducting vessels are affected. The leaves turn yellow and wither, but do not crumble, but remain, as it were, attached to the branches.

From the name of the second disease, it is clear that the shoots and branches dry out, the bark cracks, and numerous black small fruiting bodies of the pathogen are formed in its cracks.

In second place are various spots:

If black-gray large ones appear on the leaves of a plant with a velvety olive bloom, without bordering, spots are alternaria, or black, spotting.

If there are small specks of brown color with a black coating on the surface? In this case, the diagnosis is different: gooseberry brown spot.

If you see spots of a round shape, white or pale gray in color with a brown border, sometimes covered with dotted black pycnidia, this is a clear sign ascochitous spot.

Septoria (white spot) is characterized by rounded small or angular forms of brown color with a red-brown border. These spots brighten over time, but the border remains bright.

- Anthracnose spot - manifests itself most often not only on the leaves, but also on individual branches and petioles with small dark brown depressed rounded spots.

All spots are characterized by pads, spots and so-called

sporulation. You can see them at leaf blade, from the top side. If light spots are noticeable on the upper side, and sporulation pads of a bright orange color are comfortably located on the lower side, therefore, this is already rust. Moreover, this disease has two "favorites".

Let's say your berry fields are located in a lowland where sedge grows. In this case, the gooseberry suffers from goblet rust. Does Weymouth pine or Siberian cedar grow on your site? So your gooseberry is stricken with columnar rust.

On pines and sedges, pathogens overwinter well, and in the spring they infect growing young gooseberry leaves.

Often the petioles and leaves are covered with a sooty black bloom in the form of a thin film. Such a diseasecalled "Mob" ... By the way, everyone knows (spheroteka) is nothing more than a plaque. It is interesting that with severe damage to plants, the upper parts of young shoots dry out, and fungi - pathogens - quietly winter under their bark.

All of the above diseases are classified as mushrooms. But gooseberries also have a viral disease. It is called "Edging veins"... In this disease, the veins of the first and second orders are "decorated" with a pale yellow border. In addition to this, the leaves begin to suffer from chlorosis, deform sharply and become wrinkled.

Fight against gooseberry diseases.

The choice of drugs to fight all diseases is small:

Copper sulfate - used against septoria, anthracnose and other spots.

Cumulus - against anthracnose, ascochitosis, powdery mildew.

- - used against septoria, rust, anthracnose

Please note that the preparations "Fundazol" and "Topaz" can only be used on black currants. But if you have a nursery, use Fundazol against verticillary wilting of gooseberries.

Perhaps this is all that I wanted to tell you about gooseberry diseases and control measures with them.

All the best to you, dear friends!